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ՀՀ ՍԱՀՄԱՆԱԴՐԱԿԱՆ ԴԱՏԱՐԱՆ. ՏԵՂԵԿԱԳԻՐ 2(119)2025

THE SUBMISSIVE PRESIDENCY: FROM CONSTITUTIONAL ARBITER TO POLITICAL SUBORDINATE AMID DEMOCRATIC EROSION AND THE BREAKDOWN OF CONSTITUTIONAL CHECKS AND BALANCES IN ARMENIA'S PARLIAMENTARY REPUBLIC

ALEKSANDR HARUTYUNYAN

Annotation

This article examines the transformation of Armenia’s presidency from a constitutional arbiter into a politically subordinated figurehead amid broader patterns of democratic erosion and institutional decay in the parliamentary system. The analysis reveals how constitutional design flaws, informal political practices, and the centralization of power within dominant parliamentary majorities have dismantled the intended checks and balances. In particular, the study highlights how the president’s role has shifted from guardian of constitutionalism to executor of parliamentary will, often serving partisan interests rather than acting as an independent counterweight. By tracing legal reforms, institutional behavior, and political dynamics in post 2015 Armenia, the article illustrates how façade institutions and symbolic constitutionalism mask authoritarian consolidation under a formally democratic guise.

Keywords: Armenian constitution, president of the republic, Democratic erosion, stealth authoritarianism, submissive presidency.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59560/18291155-2025.2-163